FAMILIAL HYPOCALCIURIC HYPERCALCEMIA Part of “CHAPTER 58 – PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM“ FHH is a benign disorder associated with hypercalcemia.113 Differentiating individuals with FHH from those with primary hyperparathyroidism is extremely difficult….
PARATHYROID CARCINOMA Part of “CHAPTER 58 – PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM“ Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare form of primary hyperparathyroidism.108,109 These patients often have hypercalcemia that is more severe than that usually…
PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM DURING PREGNANCY Part of “CHAPTER 58 – PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM“ Rarely, primary hyperparathyroidism becomes evident during pregnancy.104 Hyperparathyroidism during pregnancy used to be associated with an increased incidence of…
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Part of “CHAPTER 58 – PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM“ The differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia is covered in Chapter 59, but several points are particularly relevant to the discussion of primary…
LABORATORY EVALUATION Part of “CHAPTER 58 – PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM“ The diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism depends on laboratory tests. The serum calcium concentration is virtually always elevated. The serum phosphorus value…
CLINICAL PRESENTATION Part of “CHAPTER 58 – PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM“ Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism may present with one of several clinical pictures: asymptomatic hypercalcemia; bone or stone disease; other recognized complications,…
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS Part of “CHAPTER 58 – PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM“ The signs and symptoms of primary hyperparathyroidism result from the hypercalcemia (see Chap. 59) and the hyperparathyroid state. In primary hyperparathyroidism,…
