Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Abstract Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) accounts for approximately 20% of childhood leukemia, yet is responsible for a majority of the deaths from leukemia. Children present with a wide range of…
Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Myeloproliferative Disorders
Abstract Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by varying degrees of cytopenias secondary to ineffective and dysplastic hematopoiesis and increased propensity to evolve into acute myeloid…
Lymphoproliferative Disorders
Abstract Lymphoproliferative disorders manifest with uncontrolled hyperplasia of lymphoid tissues (lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, liver). They are a heterogeneous group of diseases that range from reactive polyclonal hyperplasia (immunologic…
General Considerations of Hemolytic Diseases, Red Cell Membrane, and Enzyme Defects
Abstract In this chapter, we introduce the concept of hemolytic anemia and classify them into corpuscular defects due to abnormalities in membrane, enzymes or hemoglobin and extracorpuscular defects due to…
Disorders of Coagulation
Abstract This chapter describes the physiology of hemostasis including platelet plug formation, platelet vessel interaction, coagulation cascade and fibrinolysis; diagnosis and management of von Willebrand disease; inherited and rare bleeding…
Disorders of White Blood Cells
Abstract This chapter describes the causes, clinical manifestatilons, diagnosis, and treatment of various quantitative disorders of white blood cells, both inherited and acquired. It also discusses disorders of white cell…
Disorders of Platelets
Abstract This chapter describes the current understanding of a wide variety of platelet pathology, including thrombocytopenia, thrombocytosis, qualitative platelet disorders, and diagnostic approaches to these problems. Autoimmune and alloimmune neonatal…
Hemoglobinopathies
Abstract This chapter describes the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, complications, and management of sickle cell disease, thalassemia, and other hemoglobinopathies. Keywords Sickle cell disease, thalassemia, anemia, transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, transfusion, chelation…
Polycythemia
Abstract The term polycythemia, particularly as it pertains to newborns and children, should be more accurately termed erythrocytosis because it generally refers to conditions in which only erythrocytes are increased…
Extracorpuscular Hemolytic Anemia
Abstract This chapter focuses on hemolytic anemia caused by extracorpuscular defects due to immune-mediated hemolytic anemia caused by warm and cold antibodies and nonimmune red cell destruction from acquired and…
