Fig. 7.1 Intragastric balloon A meta-analysis by Imaz et al. evaluating 15 studies including 3,698 patients with intragastric balloon showed an average weight loss of 14.7 kg, 32.1 % reduction in the…
, Daniel Riccioppo1, Flavio Kawamoto1 and Marco Aurelio Santo1 (1) Bariatric and Metabolic Surgical Unit/Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil Abstract The onset of type 2…
Hormone Productiona Effect on appetite CCK I cells of duodenum and jejunum ↓ GLP1 L cells of distal intestine and colon ↓ Oxyntomodulin L cells of distal intestine ↓ PYY3–36…
Fig. 13.1 Estimated market for autologous cell therapy (http://www.marketsandmarkets.com/PressReleases/stem-cells-market.asp) Despite a humongous need for cell therapy for diabetes, only a small portion has been addressed, in terms of a consistent…
Fig. 10.1 The ominous octet. Adapted from DeFronzo R The imbalance between alpha and beta cells is a novel mechanism implicated in the pathogenesis of Type 2 DM described in…
Country Currency Year Annual cost (billion) Notes Australiaa AUD ($) 2005 56.6 $2,788 per individual Australiab AUD ($) 2010 88.9 Brazilc USD ($) 2010 2.1 Including overweight costs Canadad CAD…
Fig. 12.1 Effect of dietary proteins on metabolism. The digestion, absorption, and metabolism of proteins cause high-energy expenditure in the form of thermogenesis and ATP utilization, either for the synthesis…
Fig. 14.1 Stem cells as a promising tool addressing generation of beta-like cells/insulin-secreting cells as well as immunomodulation 14.5 Early Attempts for In Vitro Beta-Cell Differentiation Stimulation of beta-cell generation…
Fig. 8.1 Ileal transposition surgery. (a) Normal intestinal tract showing the location of transections of the ileum and duodenum. (b) A segment of the transected ileum is transposed in the…
Hellström PM (2013) Satiety signals and obesity. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 29:222–227PubMedCrossRef Hira T, Mochida T, Miyashita K et al (2009) GLP-1 secretion is enhanced directly in the ileum but indirectly…
