ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND AND PREGNANCY Part of “CHAPTER 110 – ENDOCRINE DISEASE IN PREGNANCY“ The normal pituitary gland enlarges during pregnancy, predominantly because of the estrogen-stimulated hyperplasia and hypertrophy of…
POSTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND AND PREGNANCY Part of “CHAPTER 110 – ENDOCRINE DISEASE IN PREGNANCY“ ALTERATIONS IN WATER BALANCE IN PREGNANCY Pregnancy is associated with a lowering of the osmostat, the…
ENDOCRINE DISEASE IN PREGNANCY Mark E. Molitch POSTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND AND PREGNANCY ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND AND PREGNANCY THYROID GLAND AND PREGNANCY
INVOLUTION OF THE UTERUS—PHASE 3 OF PARTURITION Part of “CHAPTER 109 – ENDOCRINOLOGY OF PARTURITION“ The third stage of labor is defined as the time from delivery of the baby…
STIMULATION OF THE MYOMETRIUM—PHASE 2 OF PARTURITION Part of “CHAPTER 109 – ENDOCRINOLOGY OF PARTURITION“ PROSTAGLANDINS Prostaglandins play a role in the labor process at term and pre-term in animal…
ACTIVATION OF THE MYOMETRIUM—PHASE 1 OF PARTURITION Part of “CHAPTER 109 – ENDOCRINOLOGY OF PARTURITION“ Activation of the myometrium (phase 1 of parturition) can be considered as an active process…
PREGNANCY—PHASE 0 OF PARTURITION Part of “CHAPTER 109 – ENDOCRINOLOGY OF PARTURITION“ Myometrial activity is inhibited during pregnancy by a variety of substances, including progesterone, prostacyclin (PGI2), relaxin, parathyroid hormone–related…
ENDOCRINOLOGY OF PARTURITION John R. G. Challis The duration of human pregnancy, counting from the first day of the last menstrual period, is ˜280 days, or 40 weeks. The expected…
EVALUATION OF THE FETAL-PLACENTAL UNIT BY ENDOCRINE TESTING Part of “CHAPTER 108 – THE MATERNAL-FETAL-PLACENTAL UNIT“ Because of the enormous increases in hormone levels in pregnant women, it was originally…
