The lymph nodes and spleen are important organs of the body’s immune system and reticuloendothelial system (RES). They represent key areas where antigen (processed by the cells of the RES) can be presented by specialized macrophages, antigen-presenting cells, to the cells of the immune system (B and T cells). The anatomy of lymph nodes and spleen are illustrated in Figs 5.1 and 5.2. A common feature is the presence of germinal centres (Fig. 5.1), which are an important location for B-cell maturation and proliferation.

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