© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015
Terry F. Davies (ed.)A Case-Based Guide to Clinical Endocrinology10.1007/978-1-4939-2059-4_4949. Introduction
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Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave Levy Place, Box 1055, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA
Keywords
ObesityMetabolic syndromeObeseEpidemicCalorie dense foodObesity-related metabolic complicationsEnergy balance systemEpidemic of Obesity
More than 35 % of Americans are obese in the USA today and the prevalence of obesity continues to rise at an epidemic proportion. There has been a 74 % increase of obesity over the 10 years from 1991 to 2001 [1]. Over the period between 1999 and 2010, there have been observed differences between the rates of change of obesity prevalence between genders and races. Statistically significant increases are noted for non-Hispanic black women and Mexican American women as well as for men. Overall, the increases appear to be leveling off, however, there is no indication that the prevalence of obesity is declining [2]. Obesity epidemic is a reflection of the combination of excess caloric consumption with extra large portions of calorie dense food and the sedentary lifestyle that we have become accustomed to in our present society. As a consequence, obesity threatens our future with a significant increase in the prevalence of diabetes and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Our predisposition to obesity-related metabolic syndrome vary considerably among individuals and therefore, more personalized approaches are necessary to treat obesity. Some individuals are obese, yet they appear to be metabolically stable, while others develop many of the obesity-related metabolic complications, even with the same degree of obesity. Similar to other serious epidemic conditions, we must treat those obese individuals, with a high risk for metabolic complications, early and aggressively.