121: Rotaviral Enteritis

Classification: ICD-9 008.61; ICD-10 A08.0

Synonyms: Rotavirus diarrhea, acute viral gastroenteritis, severe viral gastroenteritis.

Agent: Rotavirus, a non-enveloped double-stranded RNA virus within the Reoviridae family, is classified into 7 rotavirus groups (A–G) as determined by the antigenic properties of the VP6 capsid protein. Group A is most common in human disease, with B and C to a lesser extent. Subgroups and serotypes are determined by sero- and genotyping the epitopes P and G, of the VP4 and VP7 outer capsid proteins, respectively. These proteins are relevant for vaccine efficacy.

Reservoir: Humans. Rotaviruses in animals are distinct from those causing disease in humans.

Vector: None

Transmission: Direct fecal–oral transmission and via contaminated surfaces. Rotavirus has also been detected in repiratory secretions.

Incubation period: 1 to 3 days.

Clinical findings

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