Classification: ICD-9 085; ICD-10 B55
Syndromes and synonyms: Cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis (CL): Espundia, Uta, Chiclero ulcer, forest yaws.
Agent: Leishmania species, protozoa, members of the Trypanosomatidae family, order Kinetoplastida. Based on development characteristics in the sandfly, Leishmania species are classified into the subgenera Viannia and Leishmania, within which there are various species complexes. Leishmania species causing (muco)cutaneous disease in the Americas are: L. (Viannia) braziliensis (espundia), L. (Viannia) colombiensis, L. (Leishmania) mexicana (chiclero ulcer), L. (Leishmania) pifanoi, L. (Viannia) liansoni, L. (Leishmania) garnhami, L. (Leishmania) amazonensis, L. (Viannia) panamensis, L. (Viannia) guyanensis (forest yaws), and L. (Viannia) peruviana (Uta). L. infantum/chagasi can cause both visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis. L. chagasi is considered to be the same species as L. infantum, and will be referred to as L. infantum/chagasi.
Reservoir: Mainly rodents and other sylvatic mammals. Canines are a reservoir for L. infantum/chagasi and possible reservoir for L. (Viannia) spp.
Vector: Female phlebotomine sandflies (Lutzomyia spp.).
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