28

CASE 28


Fred, a 40-year-old man, is well known to the local shelters, including the one you supervise, because he has lived on the streets for several years. He is a known alcoholic and has had tuberculosis in the past, for which he was successfully treated under careful supervision. You have noticed that he has been moving more slowly over the past few days and inquire whether he is feeling like himself. He admits to some general fatigue, particularly in the legs, which just “don’t seem to want to carry him around anymore like they used to.” The following morning, the fellow who sleeps in the cot next to Fred indicates to you that Fred cannot seem to get out of bed. You confirm this problem, and you call the emergency medical service (EMS) to transport him to the hospital. To your surprise, when you get to the hospital to visit him, the receptionist tells you that he is seriously ill, is in the intensive care unit, and has been intubated because he was no longer able to breathe for himself.


You arrive at the intensive care unit to find Fred in the condition reported. The attending physician describes Fred’s condition as one of ascending paralysis, typical of Guillain-Barré syndrome. He asks if Fred has recently suffered from a diarrheal illness (which he did, you recall, about 4 weeks ago), as well as about Fred’s alcohol history and other medical disorders. A stool culture was ordered to test for enteric bacteria.


The physician ordered a blood test for creatinine kinase (an enzyme released from destroyed muscle), a stool sample, and assays to detect antibodies that target the gangliosides GM1 and GQ1b. These are distributed throughout peripheral nervous system myelin.



Jun 18, 2016 | Posted by in IMMUNOLOGY | Comments Off on 28

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