Classification: ICD-9 065; ICD-10 A93.0
Syndromes and synonyms: Oropouche fever, fevre de Mojui.
Agent: Oropouche virus (OROV), a spherical enveloped, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus, belonging to the Orthobunyavirus group of the Bunyaviridae family, with 3 genotypes.
Reservoir: Monkeys, three-toed sloths (Bradypus tridactylus), marsupials, and forest birds.
Vector: During urban epidemics, biting midges (Culicoides paraensis); also mosquitoes of Aedes and Culex genera.
Transmission: By insect bite.
Cycle: The vector becomes infected with OROV by feeding on a viremic host. The virus crosses the gut wall and multiplies in the organs of the insect. After a few days, depending on the ambient temperature, the virus reaches the salivary glands and is injected into the next host during feeding. Jungle cycle: OROV is transmitted among sloths, marsupials, primates, and birds by the mosquitoes Aedes serratus and Culex quinquefasciatus. Urban cycle: OROV is transmitted to humans by midges (Culicoides paraensis).
Incubation period: 2–14 days.
Clinical findings
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