124: Sindbis Fever

Classification: ICD-9 066.3; ICD-10 A92.8

Syndromes and synonyms: Ockelbo disease, Pogosta disease, Karelian fever

Agent: Sindbis virus (SINV), a single-stranded, positive sense, enveloped RNA alphavirus, with 5 genotypes: SIN I (European/African), SIN II and III (Asian/Australian), SIN IV (Azerbaijan/China), and SIN V (New Zealand). The first Sindbis virus isolated was cultured in 1952 from a mosquito near Sindbis village in the Nile Delta (Egypt). Almost 10 years later the first human case was detected in Uganda in 1961 and in Europe in 1971.

Reservoir: Wild, migratory birds of the order Passeriformes (mainly fieldfare, redwing, and songthrush) and Anseriformes (ducks, geese and swans). Tetraonid birds (grouse) population size changes coincide with SINV epidemics in Finland. Larger passerine species have higher prevalences of infection as compared to smaller species.

Vector: Mosquitoes: Culex and Culiseta spp. between birds, Aedes spp. from bird to human.

Transmission: By mosquito bite.

Cycle

Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue